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- THE SWISS INSURANCE INDUSTRY
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- Insurance companies belong to one of the most
- important sectors of the economy in Switzerland. It is
- also extremely conservative and safe. In 130 years
- none have failed, a record that even Swiss banks cannot
- match. Unique tax advantages combined with
- conservative money management cause Swiss insurance
- products to perform much better than one might expect.
- Conservative does not have to mean low returns. (If
- the insurance company doesn't have to deduct losses on
- a lot of bad investments, it is much easier to maintain
- a conservative, safe, high return.)
- Swiss government insurance company regulation
- keeps investment portfolios at a nearly no risk level.
- Liquidity and valuation of investments are ultra-
- conservative. Only a maximum of 30% of investible
- funds may be put in real estate. Swiss real estate has
- always held the highest values, but this is ultra-
- conservatism at work. If it should go down, it might
- not be liquid enough to cover claims -- so let's be
- ultra-conservative and severely limit the exposure. A
- philosophy that a lot of American banks and insurance
- companies are probably now wishing they had followed --
- or at least their policyholders are wishing they had.
- Then just in case this isn't enough, Swiss
- insurance companies often carry their real estate
- holdings at less than half their present market value,
- allowing a very wide margin of price changes before
- safety can possibly be affected.
- Swiss accounting in general seems to be on the
- conservative side. Companies tend to have hidden
- reserves of millions, rather than the North American
- style of overvaluing assets to achieve a high stock
- market price for takeover bids. This conservatism
- applies all the more to the insurance industry.
- The Swiss insurance companies offer a greater
- range of services than the American investor is used
- to. In fact, the range is broader than that offered by
- most Swiss banks. There are only about 20 insurance
- companies in Switzerland. This concentration makes the
- industry stronger, and easier to supervise, than the
- thousands of American insurance companies. There are
- no weak insurance companies in Switzerland, unlike the
- United States were insurance laws in many states permit
- an insurance company to be formed with capital as low
- as $100,000, and licensed, empty insurance company
- shells are frequently sold in classified ads in The
- Wall Street Journal and other newspapers.
- The industry is regulated by the Swiss Federal
- Bureau of Private Insurance -- a very strict regulator.
- There is no rate competition -- the emphasis is on
- maintaining the strength of the insurer, and
- prohibiting risky investments (although it is unlikely
- that a Swiss insurance manager would even think of
- making a risky investment).
- Regulation of private insurance companies has been
- established by a clause in the Swiss federal
- constitution since 1885. Contrast this to the United
- States where insurance companies are often regulated
- only by rules promulgated by a politically appointed
- insurance commissioner, who expects to be employed by
- an insurance company when the governor who appointed
- him is retired in a few years.
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